Phototherapy is a medical treatment that uses controlled ultraviolet (UV) light to improve chronic skin conditions that have not responded fully to topical medications alone. Under the guidance of Dr. Lane Neidig, a board-certified dermatologist at Modern Dermatology in Annapolis, Maryland, this treatment can reduce inflammation, calm itching, and help restore healthier, clearer skin. Because the light is delivered in precise wavelengths and doses, phototherapy offers a level of control and safety far beyond natural sunlight.
How does Phototherapy work?
Phototherapy works by targeting immune system activity in the skin. Many chronic dermatologic conditions—such as psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, and certain forms of dermatitis—occur when the immune system triggers excessive inflammation or accelerates skin cell growth. UV light helps reduce this overactivity, slowing skin cell turnover and decreasing inflammatory signals. This leads to less redness, fewer flares, and improved texture over time. For many patients, phototherapy provides meaningful relief without the need for long-term systemic medication.
How is phototherapy delivered?
Phototherapy is delivered using medical-grade light booths or handheld devices designed specifically for dermatologic treatment. Sessions last only a few minutes, and the dose is adjusted at each visit to maintain effectiveness while avoiding burning or irritation. Most patients undergo treatment two to three times per week for several weeks, depending on the severity and type of condition being treated. Improvements often begin to appear after several sessions, with continued progress throughout the treatment course.
What are the types of phototherapy?
Several forms of phototherapy are available, and each serves a specific purpose depending on the patient’s diagnosis and skin type.
• Narrowband UVB (NB-UVB) is the most commonly used form today. It delivers a precise wavelength of ultraviolet light that is particularly effective for conditions like psoriasis, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis. Because it targets a narrow range of UVB light, it minimizes unnecessary exposure while providing strong therapeutic benefits. NB-UVB is often favored for its effectiveness, safety, and suitability for both children and adults.
• Excimer laser or excimer light therapy uses high-intensity, targeted UVB light to treat only the affected areas of skin. This method is ideal for small, stubborn patches of psoriasis, localized vitiligo, or areas difficult to reach with full-body phototherapy. Because the light is concentrated only on diseased skin, higher doses can be delivered to speed improvement while protecting surrounding healthy skin.
How is phototherapy performed?
Before starting phototherapy, Dr. Neidig conducts a full evaluation, including medical history, current medications, and the type and severity of the skin disease. A personalized treatment plan is created to determine the type of phototherapy, the starting light dose and schedule.
During full-body treatments, patients stand inside a light booth while wearing protective eyewear. Sensitive areas can be covered, and the dose increases gradually over time to prevent burning. For targeted conditions, such as limited vitiligo or psoriasis, excimer devices allow precise treatment of only the affected skin.
Throughout the process, the skin is closely monitored. If redness, irritation, or unusual sensitivity develops, the dosing is adjusted immediately. In many cases, phototherapy is combined with topical medications or moisturizers to enhance results and maintain comfort.
What are the benefits of phototherapy?
Phototherapy offers important advantages for patients seeking non-systemic treatment options. It reduces inflammation directly at the skin’s surface, treats large areas efficiently, and often leads to fewer flares over time. Many patients experience smoother skin, less itching, and improved daily functioning. For individuals who wish to limit or avoid oral medications, phototherapy provides a proven, effective alternative backed by decades of medical use.
What are the risks and considerations?
Although phototherapy is safe when supervised by a dermatologist, it does involve exposure to UV light. Short-term side effects may include temporary redness, dryness, or a sunburn-like reaction if the dose is too strong. For this reason, careful monitoring and dose adjustments are essential. Patients with a history of skin cancer, photosensitivity disorders, or certain medical conditions may not be candidates for specific types of phototherapy.
Our team evaluates each patient individually to ensure that the expected benefits outweigh any potential risks. When used appropriately, phototherapy can be an effective, well-tolerated, and transformative treatment option for chronic skin disease.
If you are struggling with persistent psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, or another chronic skin condition, phototherapy may provide the relief you’ve been searching for. Contact Modern Dermatology in Annapolis, Maryland, to schedule a consultation with Dr. Lane Neidig and learn whether phototherapy is the right treatment for your skin condition.